--Behavior is organized around its sensory or motor effects

--Culminates in attaining the concept of object permanence.

--Object permanence: understanding that objects have a continued existence when they disappear from view.

--Characterized by egocentric thought.

--Children cannot adopt alternative viewpoints;

they cannot think from another person’s perspective.

--Children are able to adopt alternative viewpoints.

--Conservation task: pour water from short, wide glass into tall, thin one

--Concrete operational child understands the amount of water stays the same.