Up Previous Next Title Page Contents

5.1 Accusative

It is possible to create accusative from nouns, adjectives, pronouns and adverbs of place. Accusative is formed by the ending n and has following functions:
1) Direct object.
Accusative marks direct object in the sentence.
La knabon mordis la hundo.The boy was bit by the dog.
2) Motion toward
Accusative marks motion toward, in contrary to position. It is not used after preposition al – to and ĝis – up to, because they can show only direction. It is possible to omit preposition en and to use pure accusative (but recommended only with names of cities and countries).
Mi veturas (en) Londonon. = Mi veturas al Londono.I go to London. vs. Mi estas en London.I am in London.
Mi promenis en la ĝardenon.I walked into the garden. vs. Mi promenis en la ĝardeno.I walked in the garden. (I was already in the garden, walking around)
Mi iras tien.I go there. vs. Mi estas tie.I am there.
Mi iras hejmen.I go home. vs. Mi estas hejme.I am home.
La vagonaro kuras de Hanovero Berlinon.(FK.209)The train goes from Hanover to Berlin.
3) Date
Hodiaŭ estas la duan de julio.Today, it is July 2.
4) Time interval
Li laboras tutan tagon.He works whole day.
5) Weight, price, measure
Mi pezas okdek kilogramojn.I weight 80 kg.
Ĝi kostas dek dolarojn.It costs $10.
La vojo estas longa cent kilometrojn.The way is 100 km long.

Up Previous Next Title Page Contents