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\begin{document}
\frontmatter
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% title must be in all-caps
\begin{center}
  GENERALIZED ID\slash{}LP GRAMMAR:\\
  A FORMALISM FOR PARSING LINEARIZATION-BASED HPSG
  GRAMMARS\\\vspace{26pt}
  DISSERTATION\\\vspace{26pt}
  Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for\\\vspace{15pt}
  the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the\\\vspace{15pt}
  Graduate School of The Ohio State University\\\vspace{26pt}
  By\\\vspace{15pt}
  Michael W. Daniels, B.A., B.S., M.A.\\\vspace{15pt}
  *****\\\vspace{40pt}
  The Ohio State University\\
  2005
\end{center}
\vspace{26pt}
\begin{tabular}{@{}p{3in}@{}p{3in}@{}}
Dissertation Committee: & Approved by\\[15pt]
Professor W. Detmar Meurers, Advisor\\[15pt]
Professor Christopher H. Brew & \vrule width2.5in height0.4pt depth0pt\\[15pt]
Professor Carl J. Pollard & \hskip0.5in Advisor\\
&Graduate Program in Linguistics\\
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\pagebreak
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Copyright by\\
Michael W. Daniels\\
2005\\
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\chapter*{ABSTRACT}\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Abstract}
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This thesis motivates and describes the Generalized Immediate
Dominance\slash{}Linear Precedence (GIDLP) formalism: a formalism
capable of serving as a processing backbone for linearization-based
grammars in the Head Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG) framework.
Complementing the work on the formalism, the thesis defines and
implements an efficient parsing algorithm for GIDLP grammars.

Representing a prominent tradition within HPSG, linearization-based
HPSG assumes that the domain of word order can be larger than the
local tree. This supports elegant and general linguistic analyses for
(relatively) free word order languages, including the possibility of
licensing discontinuous constituents.

For processing with an HPSG grammar, most systems depend on parsing
algorithms that make use of a phrase structure backbone -- a part of
the grammar that has been set aside and given a distinguished role in
the parsing process -- thereby contrasting with those that view
parsing as a general constraint solving task, where general methods
for logical reasoning are to be applied to the constraints present in
an HPSG grammar. Processing backbones support efficient parsing
algorithms, but they restrict the class of HPSG theories that can be
encoded to those employing a phrase structure backbone, which excludes
linearization-HPSG grammars.

The GIDLP formalism solves the dilemma between the desire to encode
linguistically general and elegant linearization-HPSG analyses and the
need for a processing backbone. GIDLP allows linguists to specify
grammars with linear precedence constraints that operate within
explicitly declared word order domains extending beyond the local tree
as well as immediate dominance rules in which the grammar writer can
arrange the right-hand side as to minimize the number of parsing
hypotheses that must be explored. The GIDLP parsing algorithm
developed in the thesis supports efficient processing by making direct
use of linear precedence constraints during parsing.

\pagestyle{plain}
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\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Dedication}
\vspace*{\fill}
\begin{center}
\emph{Dedicated to my parents}
\end{center}
\vspace*{\fill}
\chapter*{ACKNOWLEDGMENTS}\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Acknowledgments}
\vspace{26pt}

No academic work, least of all a dissertation, is written in a vacuum,
and it is my pleasure to thank those people who have helped me along
the way. To distill six years into a short set of thank-yous is a
daunting process, and I apologize in advance to those I have
accidentally omitted.

I first thank my advisor, Detmar Meurers, for supporting and
counseling me on countless levels, for serving as a source of
motivation when I needed it, and for copious amounts of feedback on
this thesis and everything else I've written.

I thank Chris Brew for serving on my committee, providing feedback,
and for always getting me to think about the bigger picture -- how my
research would fit into the field as a whole.

I thank Carl Pollard as well for serving on my committee, for his
insight and feedback on the most theoretical aspects of this thesis,
and for leading the coordination seminar in AU00/WI01, in which I
learned about linguistics than I had in any other class.

I thank Jerry Morgan for getting me interested in linguistics in the
first place, during Fall 1995, and for teaching my very first class in
computational linguistics. I similarly thank Georgia Green for
introducing me to syntax and for serving as my undergraduate advisor.
It was primarily through the experiences I had with them that I
decided to pursue graduate study in linguistics -- a decision I have
never regretted.

I thank my three quarters' worth of LING 201 students for reminding me
of what it's like to see linguistics from the outside.

Portions of this research have been presented at NLULP02, HPSG04, and
COLING04. I thank the audiences at those conferences and all others
who have provided comments and feedback, most notably Chris Brew,
Wesley Davidson, Paul Davis, Dale Gerdemann, Jirka Hana, Detmar
Meurers, Stefan M\"uller, Gerald Penn, and Carl Pollard.

I also thank the OSU Department of Linguistics and the Edward J. Ray
Travel Award committee for the financial support that allowed me to
travel to these conferences; and the OSU Graduate School and the
National Science Foundation for providing the fellowships that
supported my studies in general.

For general friendship, camaraderie, and (occasional) commiseration, I
thank Wes Davidson, Hope Dawson, Anna Feldman, Vanessa Metcalf, Julia
Papke, and Andrea Sims.

Finally, for providing me with an intensely rewarding set of
experiences and diversions from my studies, I thank the Council of
Graduate Students and those I have had the pleasure of working with on
committees or elsewhere: Cathy Baack, Marilyn Blackwell, J. Briggs
Cormier, Deb Cunningham, Zita Divis, Susan Fisher, Kerry Hodak,
Allyson Lowe, Ron Meyers, Barb Pletz, Alan Randall, and W. Randy
Smith.

\chapter*{VITA}\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{Vita}
\vspace{26pt}\singlespacing
\newcommand{\dateitem}[2]{\noindent #1 \dotfill \parbox[t]{2.75in}{#2}\par~\par}
\dateitem{1999}{B.A. Linguistics,\hfil\break B.S. Computer
  Science,\hfil\break University of Illinois\hfil\break at Urbana-Champaign}
\vspace{15pt}
\dateitem{2002}{Research Assistant,\hfil\break The Ohio State University}
\vspace{15pt}
\dateitem{2003}{M.A. Linguistics,\hfil\break The Ohio State University}
\vspace{15pt}
\dateitem{2004 - 2005}{Teaching Assistant,\hfil\break The Ohio State University}
\vspace{26pt}
{\centering PUBLICATIONS\\}
\vspace{26pt}
\begin{enumerate}
\item Michael W. Daniels. 2002. On a Type-based Analysis of Feature
  Neutrality and the Coordination of Unlikes. In \emph{Proceedings of
    the 8th International Conference on Head-Driven Phrase Structure
    Grammar}, edited by Frank~Van Eynde, Lars Hellan, and Dorothee
  Beermann, 137--147. Stanford: CSLI Publications.\\

\item Michael W. Daniels and W. Detmar Meurers. 2002. Improving the
  Efficiency of Parsing with Discontinuous Constituents. In
  \emph{Proceedings of {NLULP}-02: The Seventh International Workshop
    on Natural Language Understanding and Logic Programming}, edited
  by Shuly Wintner, 49--68. Copenhagen, Denmark: Roskilde University,
  Computer Science Department.\\

\item Michael W. Daniels and W. Detmar Meurers. 2004. GIDLP: A Grammar
  Format for Linearization-based HPSG. In \emph{Proceedings of the
    HPSG-2004 Conference, Center for Computational Linguistics,
    Katholieke Universiteit Leuven}, edited by Stefan M{\"u}ller,
  93--111. Stanford: CSLI Publications.\\

\item Michael W. Daniels and W. Detmar Meurers. 2004. A Grammar
  Formalism and Parser for Linearization-based HPSG. In
  \emph{Proceedings of the Twentieth International Conference on
    Computational Linguistics (COLING 2004)}, 169--175. Geneva,
  Switzerland: COLING.\\
\end{enumerate}
\vspace{26pt}
{\centering FIELDS OF STUDY\\}

\noindent Major Field: Linguistics
\pagebreak\singlespacing
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% And here we finally have the meat of the thesis; one chapter per file.
\include{intro}
\include{discconst}
\include{parsingdc}
\include{gidlp}
\include{parser}
\include{fsparser}
\include{eval}
\include{conclusion}
\appendix
\singlespacing
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% format. ``forum'' is my personal style, closely based on the OSUWPL
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\end{document}

% Things to do right before submission to grad school:
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% - If a chapter ends with less than two full lines of a paragraph,
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